← All claims

Sweeteners

added sugar causes dental caries

Strong support Sweeteners

Part of: • Added sugar

RefutedContestedStrong support
consensus score 1.00

Evidence ladder

How far up the ladder this claim has climbed. A high consensus on a low rung means "consistent so far," not "proven in people."

Top evidence so far: All trials, pooled (Meta-analysis)

MechanismIn-vitroAnimalObservationalRCTMeta-analysis

How the studies fall

3 support 0 contradict 0 tested null 0 mixed · 3 sources, 3 independent groups

What the evidence shows

The most firmly established harm of dietary sugar: free/added sugars — especially in sugar-sweetened beverages — are the primary dietary cause of dental caries, via acid produced when oral bacteria ferment them. Systematic reviews underpinning WHO guidance show a consistent dose-response, which is precisely why sugar-free sweeteners exist for oral care. measured_by:: [[dental caries]]

The evidence (3)

SourceGradeStanceQualityFinding
Moynihan & Kelly
2014 · J Dent Res
meta-analysis supports high WHO-informing SR: restricting free-sugar intake reduces dental caries; consistent dose-response across the lifespan.
Valenzuela et al.
2021 · Eur J Public Health
meta-analysis supports moderate SR/MA: sugar-sweetened beverage consumption associated with higher dental caries and erosion.
Moynihan
2016 · Adv Nutr
observational supports moderate Review: free sugars are the key modifiable dietary cause of caries; effect scales with amount/frequency.

Disagree, or know a study we missed?

We grade by evidence, not opinions. The way to weigh in is to point us to a study we haven't cited (check the evidence table above first), or to flag a problem with one we have. Every submission is reviewed; if it holds up, the grade updates and shows in Science Changes Its Mind.

📚 Suggest a study ⚑ Flag / request reclassification

Opens a short form. You'll sign in with Google so submissions are tied to a real account — we don't display your identity, and we only accept a link we can verify (PubMed, DOI, ClinicalTrials.gov).

Educational only, not medical advice. Grades and scores reflect published evidence weighted by study design and quality; see the methodology.